Difference between DNA and RNA
If you want to know the difference between DNA and RNA, then by reading this post you will understand the difference between DNA and RNA.
halzutrik.blogspot.com first wants to tell you that before understanding the difference between DNA and RNA, we have to understand what is DNA? What is RNA? How many types of DNA are there? How many types of RNA are there? Who discovered DNA? Who discovered RNA?
What is DNA and what is DNA?
DNA is a hereditary material in all living organisms. DNA contains a sugar called deoxyribose, which is found only in the nucleus of cells. DNA lacks uracil. It contains four nitrogenous bases namely adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine.
Some amount of DNA is also found in mitochondria which is known as mtDNA or mitochondrial DNA.
Full form of DNA / What happens?
The full form of DNA is Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid / Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid.
Who discovered DNA?
It was first discovered by Fidrich Meischer. Its structure is double helix which was discovered by Watson and Crick.
Types Of D.N.A
There is no original form of DNA. But there are two types of DNA based on the rotation of the double helix.
• Clockwise DNA or B-D.N.A
• Counterclockwise DNA or Z-D.N.A
Funtion Of D.N.A -:: The main function of DNA is to carry the genetic properties from one generation to another.
What is RNA and what is RNA (Ribonucleic acid)?
RNA is also genetic. One, it has a ribose chain. Apart from the center of the cells, it is also found in the cytoplasm.
This ribosome forms the integral part of the cell organelle and its structure is a single thread structure.
There is no base called thiamine in RNA, in its place there is a base called uracil. RNA receives instructions from DNA that control protein synthesis.
What is the full form of RNA?
The full form or full name of RNA is Ribose Nucleic Acid.
Who discovered RNA?
The credit for the discovery of RNA goes to Severo Ochoa, Robert Hawley and Carl Wose.
How many types of RNA are there?
There are total 3 types of RNA.
• Messenger RNA or mRNA
• Ribosomal RNA or rRNA
• Transfer RNA or tRNA
What is the function of RNA?
The key to RNA is to make proteins.
Difference between D.N.A and R.N.A
| DNA | RNA |
|---|---|
| Deoxyribonucleic acid | Ribonucleic acid |
| It is a long polymer. It has a deoxyribose and phosphate backbone having four distinct bases: thymine, adenine, cytosine and guanine. | Is a polymer with a ribose and phosphate backbone with four varying bases: uracil, cytosine, adenine and guanine.+ |
| It is located in the nucleus of a cell and in the mitochondria. | It is found in the cytoplasm, nucleus and in the ribosome. |
| It has 2-deoxyribose | It has Ribose |
| The function of DNA is the transmission of genetic information. It acts as a medium for long-term storage. | RNA is critical for the transmission of the genetic code that is necessary for protein creation from the nucleus to the ribosome. |
| DNA is a double-stranded molecule that has a long chain of nucleotides. | RNA is a single-stranded molecule which has a shorter chain of nucleotides. |
| DNA replicates on its own, it is self-replicating. | RNA does not replicate on its own. It is synthesized from DNA when required. |
| The base pairing is as follows: GC (Guanine pairs with Cytosine) A-T (Adenine pairs with Thymine). | The base pairing is as follows: GC (Guanine pairs with Cytosine) A-U (Adenine pairs with Uracil). |